Why So Many Ethnic Russians Live Outside of Russia
Understanding the reasons why there are so many ethnic Russians living outside of Russia is crucial for comprehending the geopolitical dynamics of the region. While the term 'ethnic Russians' is a commonly used but somewhat misleading designation, it serves as a starting point to explore a complex history of migration and relocation.
Myth and Reality: The Term 'Ethnic Russians'
Firstly, it's important to note that the term 'ethnic Russians' is a construct, much like any other ethnic designation. Historically, and to a certain extent still today, this term is often used to refer to Slavic peoples who share a common history, culture, and language. However, it is a simplification that does not fully capture the diversity and complexity of these groups.
Instead of referring to them as 'ethnic Russians,' the term 'Slavic Peoples' could be more appropriate. These peoples have a rich history and culture that transcends the borders of a single nation. The term 'ethnic Russians' often carries political overtones, particularly when used by Russian officials to justify interference in the affairs of other nations. This misnomer should not blind us from the broader reality of Slavic migration and dispersion.
Reasons for Migration and Relocation
The presence of Slavic peoples, including those who are now referred to as 'ethnic Russians,' outside of Russia can be attributed to two primary reasons:
Living Conditions in Russia
Firstly, living conditions in Russia have not always been ideal for all of its inhabitants. For those who have left Russia, life outside of their native land can be more favorable. Whether it's the climate, economic opportunities, or simply a different quality of life, many find that leaving Russia to be in the best interest of their living conditions.
Historical Policies and Relocation
Secondly, both the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union had policies that led to the relocation of various peoples, including Slavic peoples, into different regions. The purpose of these policies was often assimilation and control. Over time, many of these relocated peoples found themselves in independent nations that were no longer client states of Russia.
The collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s led to a significant change in the geopolitical landscape. Many people who were forcibly relocated and had been living in different regions for decades found themselves stranded in these new nations. Among these were Slavic peoples, whom Russian officials labeled as 'ethnic Russians' to justify various geopolitical actions.
Historical Context: The Legacy of the Russian Empire and the USSR
Historically, the Russian Empire and the USSR encompassed vast territories, and within these regions lived many Slavic peoples. Even after the dissolution of these empires, the legacy of their policies continued to shape the demographics of the region. Today, there are significant populations of Slavic peoples, including those who are now referred to as 'ethnic Russians,' in countries such as Europe, America, and the former Soviet republics.
For some, these populations in other countries are not as numerous as in Russia itself. For example, while there are Slavic peoples living in Europe and America, they often make up a smaller percentage of the total population compared to Russians living within Russia. Additionally, the term 'ethnic Russians' is sometimes used as an excuse for Russian interference in the affairs of other nations, further complicating the understanding of these populations.
Independent Ex-Soviet Republics
Many of the Slavic peoples who were forcibly relocated to these republics were forced to live in areas where their presence was intended to dilute the local population or to rule over it. This is similar to the situation faced by some British people who were stationed in various colonies and former colonies, such as India, Pakistan, Hong Kong, Myanmar, and others, but on a much larger scale.
Conclusion
The presence of Slavic peoples, particularly those now referred to as 'ethnic Russians,' outside of Russia is a result of historical and geopolitical factors. Understanding this complex history can help in forming a more nuanced perspective on the dynamics of migration, relocation, and the politics of these former territories.
When discussing the presence of these peoples, it's important to use accurate and contextually appropriate terminology. The term 'ethnic Russians' carries political baggage, while 'Slavic Peoples' provides a more comprehensive understanding of the diverse groups involved.