The Historical Significance of the Mayflower Pilgrims vs. Jamestown Colonists
When discussing the early history of the United States, one cannot help but notice that the Mayflower Pilgrims seem to hold a more prominent place in the national narrative compared to the Jamestown Colonists. This article delves into the reasons behind this disparity, focusing on political influences, historical narratives, and the impact of federal holidays.
The Role of Political Influence
One of the primary factors contributing to the Mayflower Pilgrims' prominence in American history is the role of political influence. The national holiday of Thanksgiving, recognized by the U.S. Congress as a federal holiday, plays a significant part in this narrative. Thanksgiving is not just an informally celebrated holiday but a federal holiday, providing most federal employees with a day off.
The legislative act recognizing Thanksgiving as a federal holiday was passed in 1863 during the Civil War. This timing is intriguing and raises questions. While the Union cause is a just and important topic, the creation of Thanksgiving during this tumultuous period appears to coincide with the publication of historical journals about the Plymouth Colony and its first Thanksgiving celebration. These journals surfaced around the same time, suggesting a strategic use of history to support the North's narrative.
Social and Educational Influences
The education system has also played a crucial role in reinforcing the narrative surrounding the Mayflower Pilgrims. These settlers are often portrayed as the "first real Americans" or the "first real settlers" in grade school history lessons. While no historian has felt fooled by this interpretation, the continuous focus on Plymouth in schools has perpetuated this narrative.
Evaluation of the Plymouth Colony vs. Jamestown
While the Plymouth Colony and Jamestown were both fundamental to early American history, the narrative surrounding the Mayflower Pilgrims is more nuanced. The founding of the Plymouth colony was indeed framed as a pursuit of "religious freedom," but this was more accurately described as freedom to believe as the settlers desired. They sought to establish a society with their own religious beliefs, rather than a society that truly promoted freedom of religion.
In contrast, the Jamestown Colony was established to exploit the "free land" and make a profit through the cultivation of tobacco, rather than to establish a new country. This is why Jamestown is often described as a commercial venture rather than a colony aimed at religious or social freedom.
Impact of Geography and Modern Day Recognition
Geographically, the legacy of the Plymouth Colony is very much alive today. Plymouth Rock, where the Pilgrims supposedly landed, has remained an incorporated township in Massachusetts. Even today, people live there and some are descendants of the original settlers, making the site more tangible and accessible.
In contrast, Jamestown, while historically significant, does not have the same modern-day recognition. Jamestown was a temporary settlement that was abandoned and later re-established inland during the 19th century. The colony is now mainly remembered through the living history museum in Colonial Williamsburg, but it does not have the same physical presence in modern times as Plymouth.
Conclusion: Balancing Historical Narratives
The prominence of the Mayflower Pilgrims in American history is a combination of political timing, educational emphasis, and the lasting physical presence of their colony. Jamestown, while an important part of American history, is often overshadowed by the legacy of the Plymouth Colony. Understanding both narratives provides a more comprehensive view of the early American experience.