The Differences Between Westminster and The City of London
The names Westminster and The City of London are often heard in the context of London, the capital of England. However, these terms refer to specific areas with distinct characteristics and functions. This article aims to clarify the differences between Westminster and The City of London, and their places in the broader context of Greater London.
The Relationship Between Westminster and Greater London
Westminster is a part of Greater London, which is the larger administrative structure within which the city is divided into numerous boroughs. The City of London, another significant part of Greater London, is often mistakenly called 'The Square Mile' due to its compact size. Both Westminster and The City of London are centrally located but occupy different roles and have unique features.
The Structure of Greater London
Greater London is an area covering approximately 600 square miles, extending both north and south of the River Thames. It comprises 32 boroughs and one city, The City of London. Each borough is a subdivision within the larger administrative unit called a county. Counties are the largest administrative areas with their own local government, represented by councils that handle local taxation and administration.
The Specificity of Westminster
Westminster is one of the 32 boroughs within Greater London and functions as an administrative county. It is geographically distinct from other boroughs and historically significant. Being one of the 32 boroughs means it is a subdivision within the Greater London county, each with its own local authority and government.
The Unique Nature of The City of London
The City of London, colloquially known as "The Square Mile," is a small but lucrative business district that is considered the financial heart of London. It is a separate entity from the broader boroughs and has its own governance and administration. The City of London is centrally located and is the historical core of London.
Origins and Historical Significance
The origins of Westminster and The City of London date back to medieval times. Westminster was named after the abbey located there, built by Edward the Confessor in the 11th century. Over time, it became the preferred residential area for monarchs, as exemplified by Henry VIII, who chose Westminster over The City of London, which was much smaller in the past, measuring only a mile in width.
Key Differences
1. Size and Layout: The City of London is a compact area covering just one square mile, while Westminster is larger and more geographically diverse, including both urban and suburban areas. The City of London is characterized by its ancient streets and landmarks, including the Tower of London and the famous livery halls of the City.
2. Governance: The City of London has its own unique governance structure that predates the formation of the Greater London area by nearly 1,000 years. It has its own mayor and aldermen, whereas Westminster operates under the borough's council system.
3. Economic Functions: The City of London is a major financial hub, hosting numerous banks, insurance companies, and stock exchanges. Westminster, on the other hand, is the seat of government and home to numerous government departments and agencies, along with cultural institutions like the British Museum and the Science Museum.
Conclusion
The distinction between Westminster and The City of London lies in their historical, administrative, and functional differences. While Westminster is a part of Greater London's borough structure and the administrative center of the UK, The City of London holds a unique place as a historical and financial core, each contributing to the multifaceted identity of London.